Confronted with these deficits, we are compelled to look to the use of our basic human resources and formulate a program which will assure their conservation and effective development. To make contracts or grants for the conduct of research by negotiation without advertising for bids. Clearly, the new agency, including a civilian military research group within it, can remain sufficiently flexible to adapt its operations to whatever may be the final organization of the military departments. The extent and nature of these new responsibilities are set forth in detail in the reports of the committees whose recommendations in this regard are fully endorsed. Several hundred articles have appeared in the professional journals; many are in process of publication. Division of Scientific Personnel and Education. Organization. Division of Medical Research. Such an agency, moreover, should be an independent agency devoted to the support of scientific research and advanced scientific education alone. Today, amid a changing funding landscape and challenges to sciences very credibility, Science, the Endless Frontier resonates as a powerful reminder that scientific progress and public well-being alike depend on the successful symbiosis between science and government.This timely new edition presents this iconic text alongside a new companion essay from scientist and former congressman Rush Holt, who offers a brief introduction and consideration of what society needs most from science now. - Studies by the several committees provide a partial basis for making an estimate of the order of magnitude of the funds required to implement the proposed program. But basic research is essentially noncommercial in nature. Save. We can no longer count on ravaged Europe as a source of fundamental knowledge. The CHIPS and Science Act combines two bipartisan bills the Endless Frontier Act, designed to boost investment in domestic high-tech research and the CHIPS for America Act, designed to bring semiconductor manufacturing back to the U.S. If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. This is not a complaint -- it is a fact. July 1945 Creator United States, Office of Scientific Research and Development Contributor Bush, Vannevar, 1890-1974 Language eng Work Publication Washington, National Science Foundation, 1960 Extent (4) Support of basic research in the public and private colleges, universities, and research institutes must leave the internal control of policy, personnel, and the method and scope of the research to the institutions themselves. They should be persons of broad interest in and understanding of the peculiarities of scientific research and education. We have a serious deficit in scientific personnel partly because the men who would have studied science in the colleges and universities have been serving in the Armed Forces. Callon, M. 1986. At their best they provide the scientific worker with a strong sense of solidarity and security, as well as a substantial degree of personal intellectual freedom. The plan is, further, that all those who receive such scholarships or fellowships in science should be enrolled in a National Science Reserve and be liable to call into the service of the Government, in connection with scientific or technical work in time of war or other national emergency declared by Congress or proclaimed by the President. Science: The Endless Frontier | U.S. Government Bookstore Skip to main content Browse All Topics 50% OFF GPOverstock SALE Business & Economics GPOverstock Sale Congress GPOverstock Sale Consumer GPOverstock Sale Education & Libraries GPOverstock Sale Emergency Response GPOverstock Sale Environment & Nature GPOverstock Sale The very successful pattern of organization of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, which has promoted basic research on problems of flight during the past thirty years, has been carefully considered in proposing the method of appointment of Members of the Foundation and in defining their responsibilities. The function of applied research is to provide such complete answers. S.P., 4.5 x 3.25 in. This is an important read for everyone who is deeply concerned about the status of science in todays discourse. Such expansion should be directed to fields of inquiry and service which are of public importance and are not adequately carried on by private organizations. The death rate for all diseases in the Army, including the overseas forces, has been reduced from 14.1 per thousand in the last war to 0.6 per thousand in this war. In my opinion, however, we have drawn too heavily for nonscientific purposes upon the great natural resource which resides in our trained young scientists and engineers. Most of the information needed by industry and in education can be released without disclosing its embodiments in actual military material and devices. The benefits of basic research do not reach all industries equally or at the same speed. Science Education 1944 October 28:231-38 28: 282-88; December 1944. . Science: The endless frontier. It is also clear that the effective discharge of these responsibilities will require the full attention of some over-all agency devoted to that purpose. Today, it is truer than ever that basic research is the pacemaker of technological progress. Hoorah for Holt, for having the courage to take on this important, timely issue. There should certainly not be any absolute requirement that all rights in such discoveries be assigned to the Government, but it should be left to the discretion of the director and the interested Division whether in special cases the public interest requires such an assignment. Since research is unlike the procurement of standardized items, which are susceptible to competitive bidding on fixed specifications, the legislation creating the National Research Foundation should free the Foundation from the obligation to place its contracts for research through advertising for bids. These uncertainties arise from lack of clarity of the tax law as to the proper treatment of such costs. International exchange of scientific information is of growing importance. Science, the endless frontier : a report to the President, Vannevar Bush Creator Bush, Vannevar, 1890-1974 Summary This influential report described science as "a largely unexplored hinterland" that would provide the "essential key" to the economic prosperity of the post World War II years Language eng Work Publication Separation of the sciences in tight compartments, as would occur if more than one agency were involved, would retard and not advance scientific knowledge as a whole. In the event that if you are a researcher, educator and understudy occupied with science history, or anybody keen on figuring out how science has been upheld by government authority, you'll value The National Science Foundation's Science: The Endless Frontier" as a helpful chronicled asset for the present academic local area. Science and the great practical genius of this nation made this achievement possible. They must offer research opportunities and sufficient compensation to enable them to compete with industry and government for the cream of scientific talent. The most immediate prospect of making up some of the deficit in scientific personnel is by salvaging scientific talent from the generation in uniform. It provides scientific capital. On the wisdom with which we bring science to bear against the problems of the coming years depends in large measure our future as a nation. A nation which depends upon others for its new basic scientific knowledge will be slow in its industrial progress and weak in its competitive position in world trade, regardless of its mechanical skill. To establish and maintain such offices within the United States, its territories and possessions, as they may deem necessary. Further, it is clear that only the Government can undertake military research; for it must be carried on in secret, much of it has no commercial value, and it is expensive. The Foundation here proposed has been described only in outline. These issues are more urgent than ever. The primary place for medical research is in the medical schools and universities. A large fraction of these deaths in our civilian population cut short the useful lives of our citizens. Citation []. Maintaining liaison with other scientific research agencies, both governmental and private, concerned with the work of the Division. In planning the release of scientific data and experience collected in connection with the war, we must not overlook the fact that research has gone forward under many auspices -- the Army, the Navy, the Office of Scientific Research and Development, the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, other departments and agencies of the Government, educational institutions, and many industrial organizations. About this article. If you have citation software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice . "Speaker Nancy Pelosi, "Vannevar Bushs prescient report launched the modern scientific enterprise, spurred by generous government investment. Adding a needed retrospective, Rush Holts companion essay calls for a more robust conversation among STEM researchers, social scientists, and the public, and strongly resonates with my experiences in public policy. Scientific progress on a broad front results from the free play of free intellects, working on subjects of their own choice, in the manner dictated by their curiosity for exploration of the unknown. There is one other matter which requires special mention. 7. There are certain basic principles which must underlie the program of Government support for scientific research and education if such support is to be effective and if it is to avoid impairing the very things we seek to foster. It can be effective in the national welfare only as a member of a team, whether the conditions be peace or war. Plants which are more resistant to disease and are adapted to short growing season, the prevention and cure of livestock diseases, the control of our insect enemies, better fertilizers, and improved agricultural practices, all stem from painstaking scientific research. The commercial incentive can be relied upon for that. Science, the Endless Frontier is recognized as the landmark argument for the essential role of science in society and government's responsibility to support scientific endeavors. Overview []. * * * So in the last analysis, the future of science in this country will be determined by our basic educational policy.". The symposium marked the 75th anniversary of the landmark report Science, the Endless Frontier, which was released in the final weeks of another global crisisWorld War II. China Language English Pages 184 These principles are as follows: (1) Whatever the extent of support may be, there must be stability of funds over a period of years so that long-range programs may be undertaken. Placing the civilian military research function in the proposed agency would bring it into close relationship with a broad program of basic research in both the natural sciences and medicine. Phone: +1 609 258 4900 The Internal Revenue Code should be amended to remove present uncertainties in regard to the deductibility of research and development expenditures as current charges against net income. For many years the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics has supplemented the work of the Army and Navy by conducting basic research on the problems of flight. The Federal Government should accept new responsibilities for promoting the creation of new scientific knowledge and the development of scientific talent in our youth. Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS. But without scientific progress no amount of achievement in other directions can insure our health, prosperity, and security as a nation in the modern world. While we are concerned primarily with methods of selecting and educating high school graduates at the college and higher levels, we cannot be complacent about the loss of potential talent which is inherent in the present situation. We will not get ahead in international trade unless we offer new and more attractive and cheaper products. . Increasing specialization of science will make it more important than ever that scientists in this country keep continually ahead of developments abroad. Many had begun their studies before they went to war. In making contracts with or grants to such organizations the Foundation should protect the public interest adequately and at the same time leave the cooperating organization with adequate freedom and incentive to conduct scientific research. Policy for the Endless Frontier: "Origins and Ambitions of the CHIPS and Science Act".
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